Solubilizes salts of alkali metals and of transition metals, e.g. PdCl2, RuCl3 and RhCl3, allowing these to be used in hydrogenation reactions: Synth. Commun., 19, 2833 (1989). Forms isolable 2:1 complexes with Grignard reagents: Tetrahedron, 45, 171 (1989). Accelerates dehydrobromination of alkyl halides in the presence of KOH: Org. Synth. Coll., 9, 539 (1998). In studies of solvent-free SNAr reactions, TDA-1 was found to be the best catalyst: Synth. Commun., 20, 2855 (1990); Heterocycles, 32, 1947 (1991). In combination with CuCl, is also a useful catalyst in the Ullmann aryl ether synthesis: J. Org. Chem., 50, 3717 (1985). An improved N-arylation of amides utilizes a catalyst combination of CuCl and TDA-1 (5:1): Synthesis, 312 (1989). For use in a stereospecific glycosylation reaction of a pyrimidine base, see: Helv. Chim. Acta, 71, 1573 (1988).
